DNS

DNS stands for Domain Name System. It is a naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. DNS translates domain names that are meaningful and easy for humans to remember, like example.com, into the numerical IP addresses that computers use to identify each other on a network, like 192.0.2.1.

The DNS system is hierarchical and decentralized. It starts with root nameservers at the top level which direct requests to the appropriate top-level domain (TLD) nameservers like .com or .org. Those TLD servers then delegate requests to the nameservers responsible for lower level domains. Companies and organizations maintain their own DNS servers with records mapping their domain names to IP addresses of their web servers, mail servers, and other services. DNS servers communicate with each other using DNS protocols to resolve domain name requests and provide the corresponding IP address so communication can occur. For example, when you type example.com into your browser, it asks the DNS system to find the IP address for example.com so it can load the website. DNS acts like a phone book for the Internet by enabling meaningful names that are easier for us to use.